Question
QUESTIONS:
1 Corinthians 15:35-58
Key Verse: 15:49
“And just as we have borne the likeness of the earthly man, so shall we bear the likeness of the man from heaven.”
1. Read verse 35. Why might people ask these questions? What did Jesus
say about the resurrection of the dead? (Jn 5:28,29)
2. Read verse 36. What is the resurrection principle taught here? (Jn
12:24) What was Paul's attitude toward this principle? (15:31a) What
was the disciples' first reaction to this principle? (Mk 8:31-32)
What did Jesus teach? (Mk 8:34b-35)
3. Read verse 37. To what does Paul compare a person's body? How is the
seed that is planted different from the body which grows from it?
4. Read verses 38-41. What does this suggest about the purpose of God
in his works of creation? Read verses 42-44a. What is the contrast
between the natural body and the spiritual body? How is human glory
different from the heavenly glory?
5. Read verses 44b-49. Who are the two Adams? How are they different?
What do we receive from each? What promise does God gives us? (49)
What does this mean?
6. Read verses 50-54. What is the mystery? Why is it necessary to be
changed? How is Jesus' work different the second time he comes? (Jn
5:28,29) What happens to those who are not Jesus' people? (Rev 21:8)
To those who are?
7. Read verses 55-58. What is the great victory? What is its source? With
this assurance of victory how must we live? What is our joy and
confidence? (49,57,58)
Manuscript
Message
Manuscript:
1 Corinthians 15:35-58
Key Verse: 15:49
“And just as we have borne the likeness of the earthly man, so shall we bear the likeness of the man from heaven.”
In the first lecture we studied the gospel of the resurrection:
Jesus died for our sins and rose again on the third day according to the
Scriptures. Through his resurrection the Risen Christ forgave all our
sins and gave us new birth into a living hope in the kingdom of God. In
the second lecture we studied the power of the Risen Christ. In a vast
field of death in history, Jesus is the only one who rose again from the
dead, and he became the firstfruits of eternal life with his resurrection
power. The Risen Christ de stroys all dominion, authority and power of
all unrighteousness. Next, he destroys the power of death. Finally, the
Risen Christ restores the kingdom of God so that God may be all in all,
and men can live in the kingdom of God forever and ever with Christ
who was once slain for our sins and is now sitting on the throne. In
this third lecture we learn the resurrection principle and the glory of
the resurrection. We also learn that at the time of the sec ond coming
of Jesus there will be the bodily resurrection of the saints, and at
the same time, all the enemies of God will be completely destroyed.
Let's study today how glorious is the resurrection of Christ. The
resurrection is glorious beyond our imagination. So let us study the
glory of the resurrec tion and live with this glorious hope in our hearts.
I. The resurrection principle (35-49)
First, the prerequisite of resurrection. (35,36) Look at verse 35a. "But
someone may ask, 'How are the dead raised? With what kind of body will
they come?'" In time past and present, no one has ever been raised
from the dead. Everyone was swallowed up by the power of death. So
it was inconceivable for the Corinthians to accept resurrection
faith. It was even more inconceivable for them to think of the bodily
resurrection. Whether they believed it or not, the resurrection of Christ
was a historical fact, and the bodily resurrection of each person will
occur. John 5:28,29 says, "‘Do not be amazed at this, for a time is coming
when all who are in their graves will hear his voice and come out--those
who have done good will rise to live, and those who have done evil will
rise to be condemned.'" But some asked, "With what kind of body will they
come?" To many, it was horrible that the dead would be raised and walk
around. They thought that the resurrection body was like a corpse walking
around. Nobody wanted to die. The attachment to life in this world may
be the strongest attachment any person can have. But nobody wanted to
be raised as they were, wretched and abominable. No one wants to repeat
the miseries and agonies of life over again--never! So some Corinthians
asked rebelliously, "How are the dead raised?" and "With what kind of
body will they come?" These two questions are basically the same.
The question, "How are the dead raised?" came from their fear of
death. They did not want to die. Even if they had to suffer endlessly
living in this world, they wanted to live in this world. In view of
history there were many empires with many slaves. Slaves under their
masters had no meaning to live in this world at all. But the more they
were driven to work harder through whipping, beating, and hurling insults,
the more they wanted to live, partly because of their family members,
but mainly because of their attachment to their own lives. So when
Paul mentioned about the glory of the resurrection they rejected his
teaching in their hearts. But they did not say, "We reject the glory
of the resurrection." Instead, they turned what they had in their minds
around into a theological argument, like many worldly Christians who do
not put what they know into practice.
Paul knew what the problem was in their hearts and taught the
resurrection principle. The resurrection principle is the most glorious
truth of God. Look at verse 36. "How foolish! What you sow does not come
to life unless it dies." The resurrection principle is that death is
prerequisite to resurrection: unless someone or something dies there is
no resurrection. Without death there is no resurrection. It is the same
as saying, "No pain, no gain," or "No cross, no crown." This principle
applies to the present life. One woman Ph.D. student was happy to become
a Christian after studying the beautiful Jesus. Soon she found out that
if she wanted to be a good Christian, she has to deny herself and take
up her cross daily. Then she began reading many books to discover how to
enter the glory of the resurrection by another way, not through the way of
the cross. Finally, she came to a conclusion that she is not able to get
a Ph.D. in physics unless she studies, suffering almost unto death. When
she realized the resurrection principle she made a bitter smile.
It is not easy for anyone to grasp the resurrection principle. Peter
made a confession of Christ, "You are the Son of the living God." (Mt
16:16) It was a confession of love more than a theological statement. But
whenever Jesus taught him the meaning of his death and resurrection,
Peter was not happy to hear his words. So once when Jesus spoke to his
disciples concerning his death and resurrection, Peter took him aside and
began to rebuke him. Jesus rebuked him back, "Get behind me, Satan! You do
not have in mind the things of God, but the things of men." (Mk 8:33) Then
Jesus taught him the right attitude toward the resurrection principle. "If
anyone would come after me, he must deny himself and take up his cross and
follow me. For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever
loses his life for me and for the gospel will save it." (Mk 8:34b,35)
The resurrection principle is the life-giving principle.
Paul, who grasped the glorious resurrection principle, said in 1
Corinthians 15:31a, "I die every day." When he said, "I die every day," it
did not mean physical death, but it meant that he did not despair in all
situations, but worked hard for Jesus as a matter of life and death. Again
he said in 2 Timothy 1:8,9: "So do not be ashamed to testify about our
Lord, or ashamed of me his prisoner. But join with me in suffering for
the gospel, by the power of God, who has saved us and called us to a
holy life--not because of anything we have done but because of his own
purpose and grace. This grace was given us in Christ Jesus before the
beginning of time." There is no thought of death to those who accepted
the resurrection principle. Instead, their hearts are filled with the
glory of God. Romans 8:18 says, "I consider that our present sufferings
are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us." On
the other hand, those who reject the resurrection principle are under
the shadow of death. Let's read verse 36 again. "How foolish! What you
sow does not come to life unless it dies."
Second, the earthly body is the seed of a spiritual body. (37-41)
Some Corinthian Christians wondered what kind of body would come at
the time of resurrection. There were some Christians who believed in
Jesus as the Son of God. But they did not know that God is Spirit and
he is omnipotent and omnipresent. They also did not know that man is
both body and spirit. Most of all they had no idea that the physical
body is the seed of the resurrection body. So Paul likens man's body to
a seed that has been planted. Look at verses 37 and 38. "When you sow,
you do not plant the body that will be, but just a seed, perhaps of wheat
or of something else. But God gives it a body as he has determined, and
to each kind of seed he gives its own body." No seed is pretty enough to
look at with wonder. But the bodies that come from seeds have fascinating
beauty beyond imagination, like the beautiful flowers and all kinds of
plants which come from their seeds.
Look at verses 39-41. "All flesh is not the same: Men have one kind
of flesh, animals have another, birds another and fish another. There are
also heavenly bodies and there are earthly bodies; but the splendor of
the heavenly bodies is one kind, and the splendor of the earthly bodies is
another. The sun has one kind of splendor, the moon another and the stars
another; and star differs from star in splendor." Here Paul explains that
the physical body is the seed of the spiritual body. Paul also explains
that when God created all things, he gave each thing its own kind of
body and its own splendor or glory. Each body is different. Each has
its own kind of splendor. Likewise, the resurrection body is indeed
splendorous and glorious.
In verses 35-44, the word, "glory" or "splendor" is repeated five
times. Here, "splendor" or "glory" refers to the inherent greatness
that is found in each of God's works of creation. Every part of God's
creation was created to give glory to God, and at the same time, each
created thing reveals its own special greatness. So, one who discovers
himself or herself in God is indeed great, and, all of creation finds
satisfaction as it fulfills God's purpose in creation.
What is physical glory or the glory of the flesh? It is human honor,
love and wealth. These three things are the glory of the flesh. This
is the reason man must seek honor, glory and immortality, even though
they are only seeking a fleeting pleasure or thrill. Nevertheless, human
glory does not satisfy man's soul, because it is based on five desires
and seven feelings of fallen mankind. Among them, the desire to eat and
to get human recognition may be strongest. Man exerts great effort to
achieve the glory of the flesh.
But man dies too soon before enjoying the glory of the flesh. Only
the glory of heaven satisfies human souls, because God created man in the
image of God with both body and spirit. Man is a soul. Because we have
physical bodies that belong to the earth, we need the worldly glory,
even though it fades away too soon. But if a man does not know about
God's truth that the physical body is the seed of the resurrection body
he cannot but be a mental patient in his inner man. A man who knows the
physical body is the seed of the resurrection body longs for heavenly
glory with gladness and utmost happiness in his inner man. Also, he
can be a good husband to his wife, thinking that she is his precious
partner of pilgrimage pressing toward the glorious heavenly kingdom. So
far, Paul explained that the physical body is the seed of the spiritual
body and that the resurrection body is splendorous and glorious. Most
importantly, Paul makes it clear that man is both body and soul: man has
both a physical body and a spiritual body, and the physical body is the
seed of the glorious spiritual body.
Third, we will bear the likeness of the Risen Christ. (42-49) Verse 42a
reads, "So will it be with the resurrection of the dead." What, then,
will the resurrection body look like? Verses 42b-44 read, "The body
that is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable; it is sown in
dishonor, it is raised in glory; it is sown in weakness, it is raised in
power; it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body." What
a glorious hope it is to be clothed with the resurrection body! This
is the reason Jesus invited all kinds of sinners to himself. Once,
Jesus was passing through Samaria. There Jesus met a Samaritan woman
whose soul was thirsty. She had had five husbands and a boyfriend. She
was a dangerous woman. Jesus humbled himself and said, "Will you give
me a drink?" At that moment she saw in Jesus the Messiah, the Savior of
the world. Through this event the dangerous woman was accepted into the
kingdom of God as a heavenly princess. Once, Jesus was passing by the road
of Capernaum. Jesus saw a tax collector named Levi. Jesus said to him,
"Follow me." It was an invitation to become one of his disciples. More
fundamentally, it was an invitation to the kingdom of God. Through that
event this dishonorable man was accepted into the kingdom of God with the
most honorable resurrection body. Once a man with leprosy whose eyes were
barely supported by their sockets, oozing, came to Jesus and said in a
hoarse voice, "Lord, if you are willing, you can make me clean." Jesus
cleansed his leprosy and made him as white as snow. Through this event
he was accepted into the kingdom of God with an imperishable body.
In this world, we must suffer. We have sorrow and pain. In the
course of living in this world all men become old and look wretched. It
is because we inherited a physical body from Adam. Look at verse 45. "So
it is written: 'The first man Adam became a living being'; the last
Adam, a life-giving spirit." From the Risen Christ Jesus we received
life-giving spirit, that is, a glorious spiritual body. As the physical
body came first, so the spiritual body also comes. As Adam came from
the dust of the ground and gave us a physical body, the Risen Christ,
the second Adam, came from heaven and gave us a spiritual body. (45-48)
Verse 49 reads, "And just as we have borne the likeness of the
earthly man, so shall we bear the likeness of the man from heaven." It
is funny that each person thinks, even if he or she does not really
believe so, that he or she is the most handsome man or the most beautiful
woman. People think so to forget about their hidden human agonies. One of
the human agonies is that each person loses his or her beauty when he or
she gets old. So, to old people we are ready to say, "Oh, you look very
young." It is a white lie. Still, it works remarkably. Man wants to be
a poetic teenager and live in the world forever and ever. But he gets
old and dies. We all bear the likeness of the earthly man. If there is
no resurrection body, man's life is too sorrowful to think about. Those
who have no resurrection faith are all too sorrowful, thinking they will
be ornamented by funeral service men when they die.
But when we have resurrection faith we do not suffer from the
thought of death. Rather, we live in the world with glorious hope. Look
at verse 49. "And just as we have borne the likeness of the earthly
man, so shall we bear the likeness of the man from heaven." When we
keep the faith, and fight the good fight, and run the race to the end
and die, we will be clothed with the resurrection body by the Risen
Christ. What will we look like? That's a good question. We will not
look as we were. We will all look like beautiful Jesus. It is totally
unbelievable. But it will be so. Look at verse 49 again. "And just as
we have borne the likeness of the earthly man, so shall we bear the
likeness of the man from heaven." During our lifetime we Christians
all suffered endlessly to keep the faith and run the race of faith. We
suffered endlessly because of false accusations of God-haters. Most
of all, we suffered because of fallen man's tendencies in us, though
we struggled hard to be like Jesus. But when we die, not only are we
clothed with the likeness of Jesus, but also the Risen Christ makes our
inner man to be like beautiful Jesus. We will be as humble as Jesus. We
will be as gentle as Jesus. We will be as obedient as Jesus. We will be
as glorious as Jesus. The man from heaven is Jesus Christ. We die in an
ugly and weak body; but when we believe in Jesus the man from heaven,
we will be raised up in a glorious resurrection body. We will bear the
likeness of Jesus. We shall be like him.
II. The glory of the second coming of Christ (50-57)
How glorious is our hope of salvation and our hope to be restored
in the image of Jesus! With this glorious hope of heaven in our hearts,
we can live every day as holy children of God. But our greatest and
most glorious hope is far bigger than just our own personal salvation
and glorification. Paul says in verse 50, "I declare to you, brothers,
that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does the
perishable inherit the imperishable." This verse tells us that we can
enter the glory of God only by faith in the Risen Christ. Verse 51 says,
"Listen, I tell you a mystery." What is it?
First, the salvation of believers. (51-53) Look at verses 51-53. "Listen,
I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be
changed--in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For
the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will
be changed. For the perishable must clothe itself with the imperishable,
and the mortal with immortality." In this verse, "at the last trumpet,"
refers to the time of Jesus' second coming. We don't know when Jesus
will come again. When Jesus came first to this world, he came as the good
shepherd and Savior of the world. He became a friend to everybody. He
healed the sick and preached the good news of the kingdom of God. But
when he comes again, he will not come as a shepherd and friend; he will
come as the Judge of the living and the dead.
Many people abuse God's long-suffering patience, saying, "Where
is God's judgment? Let's eat and drink, for tomorrow we die." But we
Christians live a holy life, eagerly waiting for the second coming
of Jesus Christ, because we have a secret in our hearts. The secret
we Christians hold in our hearts with joy is the sure fact of Jesus'
coming again. What happens to us when he comes again? Look at verses
51 and 52. "Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep,
but we will all be changed--in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye,
at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised
imperishable, and we will be changed." At the time of the second coming of
Jesus Christ there will be the bodily resurrection of all people. Bodily
resurrection has deep meaning in it. Those who thought death is the
end of everything will find that they were wrong. Those who lived in
the world as the cowardly, the unbelieving, the vile, the murderers, the
sexually immoral, and those who practiced magic arts, the idolaters and
all liars cannot hide anymore in their graves. They will be resurrected
to be judged according to what they had done. On the other hand, Jesus'
people will all be changed to be like him and will inherit the kingdom
of God and live forever with the Risen Christ in peace and love.
Second, enemies destroyed. (54-57) The coming of Christ means joy and
salvation to believers. But the time of his second coming is the time of
condemnation and suffering for the enemies of our God. They crucified
Jesus and thought they would see him no more. But they will see his
coming with their own eyes. They were the ones who persecuted God's people
ruthlessly. But they will not be able to persecute them anymore, because
they will be thrown into the lake of eternal destruction. Finally, the
last enemy, the power of sin and death, is destroyed by the second coming
of Jesus Christ. Actually, at the time of the resurrection of Jesus, the
power of sin and death was destroyed. But Satan has been wagging his tail
because the vestige of last breathing remained in the end of Satan's tail.
This wagging tail of Satan has frightened mankind until now. But at
the time of the second coming of Jesus, sin and death, that is, Satan,
will be completely destroyed and there will be no more Satan--the liars
and murderers. So Paul cried out to this power of death which has been
rendered helpless, "'Where, O death, is your victory? Where, O death,
is your sting?' The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the
law" (55-56). Look at verse 57. "But thanks be to God! He gives us the
victory through our Lord Jesus Christ."
III. Therefore, my dear brothers (58)
Look at verse 58. "Therefore, my dear brothers, stand firm. Let
nothing move you. Always give yourselves fully to the work of the Lord,
because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain." Paul
explained in this chapter the meaning of the resurrection of Jesus,
the power of the resurrection, and the glory of the resurrection. Paul
strongly encourages Christians to work hard for the Risen Christ, for
only work done in the Lord is not in vain.
The last words of verse 58, "in vain," have a deep spiritual meaning.
While worldly people were only making money and living an easy life,
Satan whispered to the Corinthian Christians, as he does to us, "The
Christian life is no fun." But Paul says that what worldly people do is
in vain. They make much money by cheating and being cheated. They enjoy
all kinds of pleasures freely, but they have no resurrection faith,
so they do all these things to cover up their deep inner despair at the
power of sin and death. Whatever they do is nothing but the expression
of their despair. But in Christ, labor for the Lord is not in vain; we do
not despair at our lives because we have faith in Jesus' resurrection. It
is this conviction that is the basis of resurrection faith. One who is
convinced that his labor in the Lord is not in vain is the one who will
someday be clothed in the image of the Risen Christ. He will receive the
kingdom of heaven as his inheritance. May God help each of us to enter
the glory of God through the resurrection of Jesus Christ.