- Gospels and Acts(NT) Matthew 22:23~46
MARRIAGE AT THE RESURRECTION
Question
MARRIAGE AT THE RESURRECTION
Matthew 22:23-46
Key Verse: 22:30
"At the resurrection people will neither marry nor be given
in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven."
STUDY QUESTIONS
1. Read verses 23-28. Who were the Sadducees? What question did they
ask Jesus? What did they believe about marriage? About heaven? What
kinds of thoughts occupied their minds?
2. Read verses 29-33. According to Jesus, what was lacking in their
faith? What does this mean? What did Jesus teach about marriage in
heaven? What did Jesus teach from the Bible about Abraham, Isaac and
Jacob? About God?
3. Read verses 34-36. How were the Pharisees different from the
Sadducees? Describe their attitude. What question did the Pharisee
Bible teacher ask Jesus? Why did he think that this was a hard
question?
4. Read verses 37-40. How did Jesus answer? What is the main point of
the first part of the Ten Commandments? The remaining Commandments?
What does it mean to love God? To love others?
5. Read verses 41-46. How did Jesus silence the religious leaders? What
does Psalm 110 teach about the Christ?
Manuscript
Message
MARRIAGE AT THE RESURRECTION
Matthew 22:23-46
Key Verse: 22:30
"At the resurrection people will neither marry nor be given
in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven."
In the last passage we learned that God wants to bring us back to
the kingdom of God, missing no one. He wants to invite to the kingdom
of God anybody and everybody and all the people of the world. Jesus
also explained that the kingdom of God is like a wedding banquet for a
crown prince. But people did not want to be invited because they had to
do something in the world: buying and selling, fighting and cheating
and being cheated, and going to many parties---especially proms. Today
Jesus teaches spiritual reality to the Sadducees. Let's think about
what kind of people the Sadducees were, and what it means to have
spiritual reality. People of the world all want to be kind of
Sadducees. They reject spiritual reality. But we must open our
spiritual eyes to see spiritual reality in this passage.
First, the Sadducees' grotesque question (23-28). Look at verse 23.
"That same day the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to
him with a question." In the Bible, the Sadducees were known not as
religious people, but as aristocratic people, and mainly they were
political figures. For example, they did not believe in any spiritual
beings---God or angels---and especially not the resurrection. In view
of history, however, they had held the high priest's office through
their political intrigue; it is comparable to a non-Christian becoming
a pope in the Catholic Church. One day, the Sadducees came to Jesus
with a very logical and eloquent question in order to harass him. Look
at verses 24-28. "`Teacher,' they said, `Moses told us that if a man
dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and have
children for him. Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one
married and died, and since he had no children, he left his wife to his
brother. The same thing happened to the second and the third brother,
right on down to the seventh. Finally, the woman died. Now then, at the
resurrection, whose wife will she be of the seven, since all of them
were married to her?'" Their question was so well organized, eloquent
and systematic that we cannot cut their story. So we quote their
question entirely. But when we think about their question, it is very
grotesque and eerie. There are two points. The first is about
marriage. One woman married seven brothers in a family according to
Jewish tradition. The Jewish tradition was that if a man marries a
woman and dies, his younger brother has to marry the widow and have
children for him. This tradition is well explained by Judah and
Tamar's story in the Old Testament (Ge 38). However, the Sadducees'
marriage problem doesn't make sense. How can one woman marry seven men?
And finally the woman died too.
In their question, the marriage problem was one of the main
points. They thought about the marriage problem day and night. As a
result, the marriage problem of the woman who married seven brothers
came out of their mouths in their question. They were aristocratic
people. Their lifestyle was luxurious and what they mainly did was to
seek pleasure, and engage in debauchery and immoral behavior. Their
life pattern seems to be the goal of modern people. But their practical
life was not a happy one because they did not believe spiritual
realities. These people thought about the marriage problem from the age
of four. The other day, one of the genius boys, who is age four, said
he was going to marry a beautiful girl, Miriam, age seventeen. He
maintained this idea for several months. But now he has decided not to
marry her, because when he grows up she is going to look like a
middle-aged woman. These aristocratic and unspiritual people think a
lot about the marriage problem. Their idea is that if they marry, it
will be like living in paradise. They think marriage is everything.
But it is not. As we know well, Clara Schumann married Robert Schumann
and had seven children. Her husband died young because of his jealousy
toward Johannes Brahms; he sensed that his wife liked Brahms' music
talent. Clara Schumann was ten years younger than Robert Schumann, and
Johannes Brahms was ten years younger than Clara. After Schumann died,
Brahms, a genius musician, proposed marriage to Clara Schumann. But
Clara sorrowfully rejected his proposal. Then Johannes Brahms lived all
by himself all his lifetime. This is a beautiful story about marriage
and a proposal of marriage. But these days marriages are not very happy
ones. Prince Charles married Diana, the most beautiful girl in the
world. After this, photo journalists only focused on Princess Diana and
completely ignored Prince Charles. Then Prince Charles' pride was hurt.
After his pride was hurt, his pretty wife did not look pretty. Rather,
he was tormented by his own injured pride. Prince Charles became very
sorrowful even though he had two sons growing so handsome and energetic
to be his successors. Prince Charles in fact began to live as a man
without a wife. Prince Charles could have embraced his wife, Princess
Diana. But he was a petty man. So he did not admire his wife's
popularity. Suddenly, Princess Diana died in a car accident. And Prince
Charles will marry again. He will not be King of England. In fact,
English Parliament wanted to stop kingship in Buckingham Palace, where
the royal family lives. But they cannot close Buckingham Palace,
because income from tourists is five times greater than the cost of
supporting the royal family. One decent girl thought she would be happy
if she married. So she really wanted to marry. Finally she married.
She enjoyed her husband as much as she wanted. After a year, a boy
baby was born. She was not ready to take care of the baby during the
night. So she asked her husband to do so. He was not ready to wake up
several times to take care of his baby because he grew up as the
youngest son out of seven brothers. The wife grew up as an only
daughter and she was completely spoiled. She did not want to take care
of the baby during the weekend. So she made many excuses and let her
husband babysit on the weekend for the last nine months. Her husband
gently babysat every weekend. But it was harder labor for him than
digging the ground. This woman was very gentle before people. But at
home she released her tension upon her husband. She said many harsh
words to her husband. Her husband was so gentle and didn't talk back to
her. But lately, her husband became mentally weakened to the degree
that he has to go to a mental hospital. Her idea that marriage would
give her paradise was broken. These days many middle-aged women become
divorced when their children are in high school or middle school. Their
adulterous husbands want to marry younger women who are like their
daughters. These numbers amount to mountain-like divorce files. There
was a woman who visited her mother's home. Her three sisters who were
all divorced were there. They encouraged her to divorce her husband,
who was a little immature. So she filed for an uncontested divorce. She
took the children and moved far away. Still, her husband had to support
her, sending her half of his salary by court order. This is not only
her problem. The number of uncontested divorce files looks like another
mountain. Jean Jacques Rousseau lived among aristocratic women. Many of
them majored in piano. But their piano performance was so poor that
Jean Jacques Rousseau became a piano tutor. He was so disgusted by the
aristocratic women that he married an idiot woman who could not even
tell time, and he lived with her throughout his lifetime. Four babies
born through her were all sent to an orphanage. He became famous by
writing Emile (the principle of education). His principle was so good,
but his life was so weird. We once loved Elizabeth Taylor so much
because her performance in movies is so excellent and her appearance is
mysterious as if she were a mix of West and East. She married more than
three times, but she was not happy. In the Sadducees' question, the
story about a woman's marriage was indeed tragic and extremely
miserable. To those who have no spiritual reality, marriage is the
highest goal. They only want to enjoy happiness through marriage. But
marriage gives them responsibility. And when they avoid responsibility,
many tragic events happen, even in this country.
In the Sadducees' story the second major problem seems to be who
would possess her. It is common sense that such a sacrificial woman who
served all the brothers should be honored and left alone to get some
rest. But the Sadducees asked Jesus, "Whose wife will she be of the
seven, since all of them were married to her?" Those who deny spiritual
reality are all devils who try their best to grab something with their
hands.
Second, no marriage in heaven (29-33). Look at verses 29-30. "Jesus
replied, `You are in error because you do not know the Scriptures or
the power of God. At the resurrection people will neither marry nor be
given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven.'" In the
spiritual world, marriage is not the goal for man's happiness. At the
resurrection, people will neither marry nor be given in marriage. They
will be like the angels in heaven. This is a picture of the kingdom of
God. In the world, divorce, wife-beating and husband-beating, alimony
claims and payment and the custody of children, as well as babysitting
problems and teenager control, are grievances to spouses after
marriage. But those who believe the resurrection of Jesus Christ do not
have to worry about all these tragic problems. If they marry, they
marry to bear much fruit both physically and spiritually to extend the
kingdom of God. Those who believe in the resurrection of Christ marry
to establish a house church so that they can pray before going to bed
and share unutterable happiness together, whether their life situations
are good or bad. They share joy through hardship. They share joy
growing in the love of God. They share joy to see their children grow
in the knowledge of God. They share joy when their children are blessed
and become great and wealthy. But in heaven even this kind of joy is
needless because the kingdom of God has greater joys. We will all be
like the angels in heaven. In the Bible, angels are agents of God. For
example, when Mary was supposed to marry Joseph, the angel Gabriel
visited young Mary and told her God's plan for her marriage. Luke
1:35-37 says, "The angel answered, `The Holy Spirit will come upon you,
and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. So the holy one to
be born will be called the Son of God. Even Elizabeth your relative is
going to have a child in her old age, and she who was said to be barren
is in her sixth month. For nothing is impossible with God.'" But Jesus
did not mention angels as agents of God. An angel was described as the
symbol of beauty. You like beautiful girls and handsome men, right?
But nobody can look like an angel. People say, "Wow! She looks like an
angel!" It means she is the most beautiful girl in the world. If we see
a handsome man, we say, "He is like the angel Gabriel!" It means that
his handsomeness and dignity overwhelm all the women in the world.
Jesus said that at the resurrection people will neither marry nor be
given in marriage, but they will be like the angels in heaven. This
means that those who are in the kingdom of God by believing the
resurrection of Christ all look like the angels. "Like the angels"
means that each one's beauty and happiness and joy are boundless. Their
loving one another is the picture of an angel that nobody can paint.
They don't know the word "worry" or "burden" or "responsibility" or
"homework." But they think of the glory of God and his majesty on the
throne. They think of ruling forever with our Lord Jesus Christ. They
are face to face with Jesus who was slain for our sins, and they are
loved by him with no time limitation. We will each wear the likeness of
a little Jesus.
Third, I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob
(32). Look at verse 32. "`I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac,
and the God of Jacob.' He is not the God of the dead but of the
living." This means that the reign of our Lord Jesus Christ, who was
slain for our sins, will be forever. This means that the kingdom of God
is forever, not at all temporal. People in this world are all
sorrowful because this world is temporal and what they have achieved
and acquired will vanish someday. But the kingdom of God is forever.
That our God is "the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of
Jacob" means our God is the God of eternity. One Chinese king made a
Great Wall to protect his castle from enemy attack. He sought an herb
medicine that would make him live forever. Now the Great Wall has
become a tourist attraction. He could not find the herb medicine and
died, and we may not be able to find even one of his bones. But the
kingdom of God is forever. We don't have to be sorry because our
lifetime is like grass; it is temporal. The kingdom of God is as Jesus
illustrated: "I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of
Jacob." It is a short example, but in the kingdom of God, God is the
God of Ron Ward. God is the God of Jenny Cook. In the kingdom of God,
God is the God of each of us. So in the kingdom of God, we are all
brothers and sisters to our Lord Jesus Christ who is risen from the
dead. In the kingdom of God, we are beautiful and happy forever. But
the Sadducees, who were aristocratic people, were all earthbound and
refused to know the spiritual reality. They were the most miserable
people. They were preoccupied with death. There are so many funeral
homes. We respect the funeral home directors of the world, whose number
may be more than one hundred thousand. How do they deal with each
corpse and dig the ground and put the corpse in it as their job? In
truth, those who have no spiritual reality are more miserable than all
of the funeral home directors of the world. Therefore, we must hear
God's word, "`I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of
Jacob.' He is not the God of the dead but of the living." Only the
kingdom of God is forever. We face a serious problem. Many people want
to come to America, thinking that America is like a paradise. They are
greatly mistaken. It resembles Sodom and Gomorrah, where immorality and
violence rule. Japanese people don't immigrate to America. Neither do
German people at present. But third-world country people want to
immigrate to America as a matter of life and death. Instead of trying
to immigrate to America, they must know the spiritual reality. Then
wherever they are they will be happy, longing for the kingdom of God.
Fourth, the greatest commandment (34-40). Look at verses 34-35.
"Hearing that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees, the Pharisees got
together. One of them, an expert in the law, tested him with this
question." When the rich Sadducees were silenced by Jesus, the
Pharisees, who were like old wineskins, came to Jesus to defeat him
with their superficial Bible knowledge and their dignity over poor and
suffering people. Look at verse 36. "Teacher, which is the greatest
commandment in the Law?" They asked this question thinking that all the
Ten Commandments are equally important and that Jesus could not answer
which one is the best. It is indeed a sophisticated question. How did
Jesus answer? Look at verses 37-40. "Jesus replied: `Love the Lord
your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your
mind.' This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is
like it: `Love your neighbor as yourself.' All the Law and the Prophets
hang on these two commandments." Jesus answered their question based on
the Ten Commandments. The basis of the Ten Commandments is loving God
and loving one's neighbor. The answer to the question about the Ten
Commandments is one: to love. First, love God. Second, love your
neighbor. How can we love God? Jesus replied, "Love the Lord your God
with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This
is the first and greatest commandment." Here we learn a significant
spiritual lesson. We think we can love God when we go to church once a
week, after spending the weekdays working and watching all the TV
programs, especially violent movies. But we cannot. When we are going
to love God, we must give all our hearts. When we are going to love
God, we must love him with all our souls. When we are going to love
God, we must give all our minds. To love God with our mind means that
we must study his word like a Ph.D. student struggles to find a theory
in the laboratory staying up all night. But if our minds are somewhere
else, we cannot love God who is almighty and holy. Loving is not
partial. Loving requires total commitment. We cannot love God only with
our mouths. We cannot love God only with our hearts. We must love God
with all our hearts and souls and minds. We are praying, "May God make
America a kingdom of priests and a holy nation." This prayer must be
more intense than obtaining a Ph.D. There is a great happiness in
having this prayer topic because it give us life direction, a goal, an
object of achievement and the meaning of life. Someone may say, "I love
God, but I hate you." It doesn't work like that. One boy was engaged to
a beautiful girl. He thinks he can love his wife and make her happy
with his own ability and let her do the work of God. That's a white
lie. When we don't love God, we have no source of love. Our love dries
up within two years at the most. After that a boxing match begins.
Therefore if one is going to love his or her spouse, he or she must
love God and receive the fountain of love from God. Then they can
maintain their love relationship. Therefore verse 39 says, "And the
second is like it: `Love your neighbor as yourself.'"
Fifth, those who do not know the spiritual realm (41-46). Look at
verses 41-42. "While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked
them, `What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?' `The son
of David,' they replied." Then Jesus asked them a counter-question.
Look at verses 43-44. "He said to them, `How is it then that David,
speaking by the Spirit, calls him "Lord"? For he says, "The Lord said
to my Lord: `Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your
feet.'"'" This is a spiritual question about how the ancestor King
David calls Jesus "Lord." Jesus quoted from Psalm 110:1-2. These verses
say, "The LORD says to my Lord: Sit at my right hand until I make your
enemies a footstool for your feet. The LORD will extend your mighty
scepter from Zion; you will rule in the midst of your enemies."
Spiritually speaking, David is the ancestor of Jesus Christ. Matthew
1:1 says, "A record of the genealogy of Jesus Christ the son of David,
the son of Abraham." Abraham and David are both great-great-ancestors
of Jesus Christ. But Jesus is the Father of them and the Lord of them
because Jesus is God, while they are the root of Jesus' genealogy. To
the Pharisees, who wanted to defeat Jesus with their shallow Bible
knowledge, Jesus' counter-question was indeed inscrutable and puzzling
to their brains. How could Jesus be the Lord of David? That's a
ridiculous and indeed funny question, they thought. But in the
spiritual world, Jesus is the Son of God who came to this world
according to God's promises through Abraham and David. Jesus is the Son
of God who died for the sin of the world on the cross and rose again on
the third day. Now he is on the glorious throne of God judging and
advocating for all his people. The Pharisees and dignitaries of the
time, like the Sadducees, did not understand spiritual reality. So they
were also silenced. Jesus told them again in verse 45, "If then David
calls him `Lord,' how can he be his son?" No one could say a word in
reply, and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions
(46).
In this world, aristocratic people who have fame and wealth seem
to be happy. Those who have superficial Scriptural knowledge seem to be
holy. But that's not true. Those who have spiritual reality are indeed
happy, whatever situation they may be in. We are living in a material
world. Spiritual realities are far away from us. Those who have
spiritual reality are known as cult members or mental patients. But we
must follow the Bible teaching that we must be men and women of
spiritual reality.