GOD CALLS SAMUEL, Dr. Samuel Lee
THE BIRTH OF SAMUEL
Passage: 1Samuel 1:1~20  
Key verse: 20
The Birth of Samuel
1 There was a certain man from Ramathaim,(A) a Zuphite[a](B) from the hill country(C) of Ephraim,(D) whose name was Elkanah(E) son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite. 2 He had two wives;(F) one was called Hannah and the other Peninnah. Peninnah had children, but Hannah had none.
3 Year after year(G) this man went up from his town to worship(H) and sacrifice to the Lord Almighty at Shiloh,(I) where Hophni and Phinehas, the two sons of Eli,(J) were priests of the Lord. 4 Whenever the day came for Elkanah to sacrifice,(K) he would give portions of the meat to his wife Peninnah and to all her sons and daughters.(L) 5 But to Hannah he gave a double portion(M) because he loved her, and the Lord had closed her womb.(N) 6 Because the Lord had closed Hannah’s womb, her rival kept provoking her in order to irritate her.(O) 7 This went on year after year. Whenever Hannah went up to the house of the Lord, her rival provoked her till she wept and would not eat.(P) 8 Her husband Elkanah would say to her, “Hannah, why are you weeping? Why don’t you eat? Why are you downhearted? Don’t I mean more to you than ten sons?(Q)”
9 Once when they had finished eating and drinking in Shiloh, Hannah stood up. Now Eli the priest was sitting on his chair by the doorpost of the Lord’s house.(R) 10 In her deep anguish(S) Hannah prayed to the Lord, weeping bitterly. 11 And she made a vow,(T) saying, “Lord Almighty(U), if you will only look on your servant’s misery and remember(V) me, and not forget your servant but give her a son, then I will give him to the Lord for all the days of his life,(W) and no razor(X) will ever be used on his head.”
12 As she kept on praying to the Lord, Eli observed her mouth. 13 Hannah was praying in her heart, and her lips were moving but her voice was not heard. Eli thought she was drunk 14 and said to her, “How long are you going to stay drunk? Put away your wine.”
15 “Not so, my lord,” Hannah replied, “I am a woman who is deeply troubled.(Y) I have not been drinking wine or beer; I was pouring(Z) out my soul to the Lord. 16 Do not take your servant for a wicked woman; I have been praying here out of my great anguish and grief.”(AA)
17 Eli answered, “Go in peace,(AB) and may the God of Israel grant you what you have asked of him.(AC)”
18 She said, “May your servant find favor in your eyes.(AD)” Then she went her way and ate something, and her face was no longer downcast.(AE)
19 Early the next morning they arose and worshiped before the Lord and then went back to their home at Ramah.(AF) Elkanah made love to his wife Hannah, and the Lord remembered(AG) her. 20 So in the course of time Hannah became pregnant and gave birth to a son.(AH) She named(AI) him Samuel,[b](AJ) saying, “Because I asked the Lord for him.”
Footnotes
- 1 Samuel 1:1 See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 6:26-27,33-35; or from Ramathaim Zuphim.
- 1 Samuel 1:20 Samuel sounds like the Hebrew for heard by God.
Cross references
- 1 Samuel 1:1 : S Jos 18:25
- 1 Samuel 1:1 : 1Sa 9:5
- 1 Samuel 1:1 : Jos 17:17-18
- 1 Samuel 1:1 : Jos 21:20-22
- 1 Samuel 1:1 : 1Ch 6:27, 34
- 1 Samuel 1:2 : S Ge 4:19
- 1 Samuel 1:3 : ver 21; Ex 23:14; 1Sa 2:19; 20:6, 29; Lk 2:41
- 1 Samuel 1:3 : Dt 12:5-7
- 1 Samuel 1:3 : S Jos 18:1
- 1 Samuel 1:3 : 1Sa 2:31; 14:3
- 1 Samuel 1:4 : Lev 7:15-18; Dt 12:17-18
- 1 Samuel 1:4 : S Ge 29:34
- 1 Samuel 1:5 : S Ge 37:3
- 1 Samuel 1:5 : S Ge 11:30; S 29:31
- 1 Samuel 1:6 : S Ge 16:4
- 1 Samuel 1:7 : 2Sa 12:17; Ps 102:4
- 1 Samuel 1:8 : S Ru 4:15
- 1 Samuel 1:9 : 1Sa 3:3
- 1 Samuel 1:10 : Job 3:20; 7:11; 10:1; 21:25; 23:2; 27:2; Isa 38:15; Jer 20:18
- 1 Samuel 1:11 : S Jdg 11:30
- 1 Samuel 1:11 : S Ge 17:1; Ps 24:10; 46:7; Isa 1:9
- 1 Samuel 1:11 : S Ge 8:1
- 1 Samuel 1:11 : S Jdg 13:7
- 1 Samuel 1:11 : Nu 6:1-21; Jdg 13:5; Lk 1:15
- 1 Samuel 1:15 : 2Ki 4:27
- 1 Samuel 1:15 : Ps 42:4; 62:8; La 2:19
- 1 Samuel 1:16 : Ps 55:2
- 1 Samuel 1:17 : Nu 6:26; 1Sa 20:42; 2Ki 5:19; S Ac 15:33
- 1 Samuel 1:17 : S Ge 25:21; Ps 20:3-5
- 1 Samuel 1:18 : S Ge 18:3; Ru 2:13
- 1 Samuel 1:18 : Ro 15:13
- 1 Samuel 1:19 : S Jos 18:25
- 1 Samuel 1:19 : S Ge 8:1; S 29:31
- 1 Samuel 1:20 : S Ge 17:19; S 29:32; S 30:6
- 1 Samuel 1:20 : Ex 2:10; Mt 1:21
- 1 Samuel 1:20 : 1Sa 7:5; 12:23; 1Ch 6:27; Jer 15:1; Heb 11:32
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Source:  BibleGateway
INTRODUCTION TO 1 & 2 SAMUEL
The book of Judges ends with the words, 'In those days Israel had no king; everyone did as he saw fit.' The books of Samuel describe the transition of Israel from a loose confederation of tribes into a monarchy. Samuel himself was the bridge. He personally opposed the monarchy, for he saw the people's desire for a king as a rejection of God's rule. But he was the king-maker, the man who anointed both Saul who failed, and David who became the model for all the kings who followed him.
God himself raises up shepherds for his people. The key verse is 1Sa 2:30: 'Those who honor me I will honor, but those who despise me will be disdained.' Who, then, is the leader who can serve God and God's people? 1 Samuel deals with this question with two contrasts: Eli's sons, heirs to the priesthood, were corrupt; Samuel, who obeyed God's word from his youth, replaced them. Then the writer contrasts Saul and David. David is called a man after God's own heart. 1 Samuel is about his training in the wilderness. 2 Samuel is about his life as the shepherd king who founded the monarchy. His kingdom fulfilled prophecy by expanding the borders of Israel to include the land God promised Abraham; it became a symbol of the messianic kingdom of Christ, the descendant of David who would come to restore all things. Thus, God prepared his people to put their hope in the kingdom of God.
1. Elkanah's family (1-8)
The period of the Judges was a time of spiritual famine. Elkanah's family reflects the darkness of the times, as well as the flickering light of faith still burning in the hearts of a few faithful men and women. Elkanah had two wives. Peninnah had children but Hannah was barren. Elkanah loved Hannah and tried to comfort her. His house was full of jealousy and rivalry. But in spite of human problems and a generally low level of spiritual life in the land, this family did their best to worship God according to his law.
2. Hannah's prayer (9-20)
Perhaps if Hannah had had no problem, she might not have prayed so sincerely. But her misery drove her to come in bitterness of soul to weep and pray to the Lord. She made a vow to God. No one in those days prayed fervently, so Eli the priest thought she was drunk. When she explained, he blessed her, confirming her vow. His blessing planted faith in her heart. In time, God gave her a son.
Prayer: Lord, thank you for a faithful remnant of your people who seek you even in the darkest of times.
One Word: Her face was no longer downcast