JONATHAN'S WONDERFUL FRIENDSHIP, Dr. Samuel Lee
DAVID AND JONATHAN'S OATH
Passage: 1Samuel 20:1~17  
Key verse: 17
David and Jonathan
20 Then David fled from Naioth at Ramah and went to Jonathan and asked, “What have I done? What is my crime? How have I wronged(A) your father, that he is trying to kill me?”(B)
2 “Never!” Jonathan replied. “You are not going to die! Look, my father doesn’t do anything, great or small, without letting me know. Why would he hide this from me? It isn’t so!”
3 But David took an oath(C) and said, “Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eyes, and he has said to himself, ‘Jonathan must not know this or he will be grieved.’ Yet as surely as the Lord lives and as you live, there is only a step between me and death.”
4 Jonathan said to David, “Whatever you want me to do, I’ll do for you.”
5 So David said, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon feast,(D) and I am supposed to dine with the king; but let me go and hide(E) in the field until the evening of the day after tomorrow. 6 If your father misses me at all, tell him, ‘David earnestly asked my permission(F) to hurry to Bethlehem,(G) his hometown, because an annual(H) sacrifice is being made there for his whole clan.’ 7 If he says, ‘Very well,’ then your servant is safe. But if he loses his temper,(I) you can be sure that he is determined(J) to harm me. 8 As for you, show kindness to your servant, for you have brought him into a covenant(K) with you before the Lord. If I am guilty, then kill(L) me yourself! Why hand me over to your father?”
9 “Never!” Jonathan said. “If I had the least inkling that my father was determined to harm you, wouldn’t I tell you?”
10 David asked, “Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?”
11 “Come,” Jonathan said, “let’s go out into the field.” So they went there together.
12 Then Jonathan said to David, “I swear by the Lord, the God of Israel, that I will surely sound(M) out my father by this time the day after tomorrow! If he is favorably disposed toward you, will I not send you word and let you know? 13 But if my father intends to harm you, may the Lord deal with Jonathan, be it ever so severely,(N) if I do not let you know and send you away in peace. May the Lord be with(O) you as he has been with my father. 14 But show me unfailing kindness(P) like the Lord’s kindness as long as I live, so that I may not be killed, 15 and do not ever cut off your kindness from my family(Q)—not even when the Lord has cut off every one of David’s enemies from the face of the earth.”
16 So Jonathan(R) made a covenant(S) with the house of David, saying, “May the Lord call David’s enemies to account.(T)” 17 And Jonathan had David reaffirm his oath(U) out of love for him, because he loved him as he loved himself.
Cross references
- 1 Samuel 20:1 : 1Sa 24:9
- 1 Samuel 20:1 : 1Sa 22:23; 23:15; 24:11; 25:29; Ps 40:14; 54:3; 63:9; 70:2
- 1 Samuel 20:3 : Dt 6:13
- 1 Samuel 20:5 : S Nu 10:10
- 1 Samuel 20:5 : S 1Sa 19:2
- 1 Samuel 20:6 : ver 28
- 1 Samuel 20:6 : 1Sa 17:58
- 1 Samuel 20:6 : S 1Sa 1:3
- 1 Samuel 20:7 : 1Sa 10:27; 25:17
- 1 Samuel 20:7 : S 1Sa 18:11
- 1 Samuel 20:8 : S 1Sa 18:3
- 1 Samuel 20:8 : 2Sa 14:32
- 1 Samuel 20:12 : 1Sa 19:3
- 1 Samuel 20:13 : S Ru 1:17
- 1 Samuel 20:13 : S 1Sa 16:18; S 18:12
- 1 Samuel 20:14 : S Ge 40:14
- 1 Samuel 20:15 : 1Sa 24:21; 2Sa 9:7
- 1 Samuel 20:16 : S 1Sa 18:1
- 1 Samuel 20:16 : S 1Sa 18:3
- 1 Samuel 20:16 : S Jos 22:23
- 1 Samuel 20:17 : S Jos 9:18; S 1Sa 18:3
Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Source:  BibleGateway
1. A plan to determine Saul's intent (1-9)
It was hard for Jonathan to believe that his own father was trying to kill his best friend David. But Jonathan and David trusted each other completely. They made a plan to see how Saul would react to David's absence. The way Saul reacted would reveal his true intent toward David.
2. Jonathan and David make a covenant (10-17).
Jonathan swore by the Lord to tell David if Saul had any malicious intent toward him. Jonathan did not covet his father's throne; he valued faithfulness to one person more highly. Jonathan understood God's purpose to make David king, and only asked David to show kindness to him and his family. David and Jonathan made a covenant, swearing an oath to deal faithfully with each other. David kept this oath even after Jonathan's death.
Prayer: Lord, help me to be a trustworthy friend who values faithfulness more than personal gain.
One Word: A covenant of faithfulness